"[...] Today central banks not only support bond prices by heavy purchases, they do the same thing in the equity market. The Bank of Japan, for example, owns 77.5% of Japan’s ETF (Exchange Traded Fund) market, having bought nearly 23 trillion yen of the ETF market since 2013.
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-economy-boj/kuroda-defends-japan-central-banks-etf-buying-sees-no-near-term-exit-idUSKBN1O602Q
The Federal Reserve owns assets equal to 20% of US GDP. The European Central Bank owns assets equal to 40% of the euro-zone economy. The Bank of Japan’s asset hoard now exceeds the Japanese economy in size.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-11-13/bank-of-japan-s-hoard-of-assets-is-now-bigger-than-the-economy [...]" (Roberts, 2019).
Keywords: exchange traded fund,
practice in commons,
governance in context,
fund in communication,
speculative bubbles,
central banks,
bitcoin,
ethereum,
uncertainty, US Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC)
Exchange-traded fund. Available from <
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange-traded_fund >. access on 29 October 2019.
Roberts, Paul Craig. The American Economy RIP, October 21, 2019. Available from <
https://www.paulcraigroberts.org/2019/10/21/the-american-economy-rip/ >. access on 29 October 2019.
http://www.google.com.br/search?hl=pt-BR&q=orientation+community+exchange%22traded+fund%22&btnG=Pesquisar
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GregorioIvanoff - 07 Mar 2017